Vaccine candidate spurs elusive type of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies

May 17 2024Duke University Medical Center

This work is a major step forward as it shows the feasibility of inducing antibodies with immunizations that neutralize the most difficult strains of HIV. Our next steps are to induce more potent neutralizing antibodies against other sites on HIV to prevent virus escape. We are not there yet, but the way forward is now much clearer." The research team analyzed data from a phase 1 clinical trial of a vaccine candidate developed by Haynes and S. Munir Alam, Ph.D., at DHVI.

Related Stories"To get a broadly neutralizing antibody, a series of events needs to happen, and it typically takes several years post-infection," said lead author Wilton Williams, Ph.D., associate professor in Duke's Department of Surgery and member of DHVI. "The challenge has always been to recreate the necessary events in a shorter space of time using a vaccine.

"Ultimately, we will need to hit all the sites on the envelope that are vulnerable so that the virus cannot escape," Haynes said. "But this study demonstrates that broadly neutralizing antibodies can indeed be induced in humans by vaccination. Now that we know that induction is possible, we can replicate what we have done here with immunogens that target the other vulnerable sites on the virus envelope.

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Trial HIV vaccine triggers elusive and essential antibodies, pointing the way toward a successful vaccineAn HIV vaccine candidate developed at the Duke Human Vaccine Institute triggered low levels of an elusive type of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies among a small group of people enrolled in a 2019 clinical trial.
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