]. The findings of our evidence synthesis may align with these experiences in ED settings. The observed shorter ICU stays and lower rates of receipt of IMV among Indigenous compared with non-Indigenous patients raises important questions of whether similar issues of systemic and structural racism and pedagogy exist in critical care settings.
Our systematic review also has limitations to consider. First, the definition of “Indigenous” and the availability of “identifiers” in health administrative varied substantially, driven by differences in legal definitions across countries and by academic discussions on culturally appropriate terminology.