HIPAA, which stands for the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, prohibits healthcare providers, health insurance companies, and some related businesses from disclosing your medical information without your consent.
Someone asking you a question about your health or vaccination status might feel uncomfortable, but it's not a HIPAA violation. However, if that same person turned around and called your doctor for your medical records *and* your doctor actually provided them, that would be an enormous HIPAA violation.
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