The ruling comes in response to a 2014 lawsuit filed by a group of activists against the global tech giant and its local unit, Google Korea, demanding it disclose how their personal information was handled.
An appeals court had earlier partially sided with the plaintiffs but ruled Google had the right to reject the demand in accordance with US laws. The case has now gone back to the high court for retrial, where the apex court's decision on this aspect of the case will be binding. Under South Korean law, online service providers must comply with individual users' requests and provide records of whether -- and how -- their personal data has been shared with a third party.