4 billion euro fine from 2017 that was the first in a series of major penalties from the European Commission, the EU's powerful anti-trust regulator.
"Shopping ads have always helped people find the products they are looking for quickly and easily, and helped merchants to reach potential customers," it added. For several years Brussels and the US giant sought a negotiated settlement, but the EU abruptly reversed course in 2014 after the intervention of member states and the arrival of Margrethe Vestager who took over as EU competition chief.
The appeal hearing is to last 3 days with a decision not expected for a year. The case can then go to the EU's highest court, the European Court of Justice.
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